About Hypertension
Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, refers to a condition where the pressure of the blood flowing through the body is consistently elevated. This condition is often called the “silent killer” because, if left untreated, it can lead to serious health problems such as heart disease and stroke. Blood pressure is measured using two numbers: systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. Systolic pressure is the pressure when the heart pumps blood through the body, while diastolic pressure is the pressure when the heart relaxes between beats to take in blood. Generally, hypertension is diagnosed when systolic pressure is 130 or higher, or diastolic pressure is 80 or higher.
Treatment for hypertension involves two main approaches: lifestyle changes and medication.
Lifestyle improvements, such as following a healthy diet, engaging in regular exercise, limiting salt intake, and managing stress, can help lower blood pressure. If these measures do not lower blood pressure adequately, medication may be prescribed under the guidance of a physician.
Various types of medications are used to treat hypertension, each working through specific mechanisms to lower blood pressure.
- Calcium channel blockers: These medications prevent calcium ions from entering the cells of the heart and blood vessels during contraction. This causes the blood vessels to relax, lowering blood pressure.
- Angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARBs): These drugs block the effects of angiotensin II, a substance that constricts blood vessels.
- Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs): These medications inhibit the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Since angiotensin II constricts blood vessels, blocking this conversion lowers blood pressure.
- Diuretics: These medications lower blood pressure by reducing the amount of fluid in the body.
- Beta-blockers: These medications act on the beta receptors of the heart to slow down the heart rate, reducing the heart’s workload and lowering blood pressure.
- Alpha-blockers: These medications lower blood pressure by preventing the blood vessels from constricting.
Doctors select medications based on the patient’s symptoms, body type, and age. These treatments are carefully tailored to meet the individual needs of each patient. At our clinic, we offer personalized treatment plans designed to suit each patient’s situation, ensuring optimal care for a healthy life. If you have any questions, please feel free to contact us.